{"id":2724,"date":"2012-09-01T15:37:58","date_gmt":"2012-09-01T15:37:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/green-liberty.org\/circlesandsquares\/?p=2724"},"modified":"2012-09-01T15:37:58","modified_gmt":"2012-09-01T15:37:58","slug":"%e3%83%91%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88%e3%83%aa%e3%83%83%e3%83%81%e3%81%ae%e7%99%ba%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%9a%e6%97%a5%e9%9f%93%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e6%af%94%e8%bc%83%e3%81%a8%e5%85%ac%e9%96%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/green-liberty.org\/circlesandsquares\/2012\/09\/01\/%e3%83%91%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88%e3%83%aa%e3%83%83%e3%83%81%e3%81%ae%e7%99%ba%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%9a%e6%97%a5%e9%9f%93%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e6%af%94%e8%bc%83%e3%81%a8%e5%85%ac%e9%96%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30d1\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30c1\u306e\u767a\u8868\uff1a\u201d\u65e5\u97d3\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u6bd4\u8f03\u3068\u516c\u958b\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u65e5\u97d3\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u52c9\u5f37\u4f1a<\/span>\u3000\u3000\uff12\uff10\uff11\uff12\u5e74\uff18\u6708\uff12\uff17\u65e5(\u6708)
\n\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u6226\u7565\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc<\/p>\n

\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u632f\u8208\u6a5f\u69cb<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u30a8\u30de\u30cb\u30e5\u30a8\u30eb\u3000\u30d1\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30c1\u3000<\/span>(<\/span>\u6176\u7199\u5927\u5b66<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff11\uff09\u97d3\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u30fb\u65e5\u97d3\u306e\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\uff1a \u6f14\u7e79\u3068\u5e30\u7d0d \u306e\u6975\u7aef<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u97d3\u56fd\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3000\u6298\u8877\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u6226\u524d\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u653f\u7b56<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u878d\u901a\u304c\u304d\u304b\u306a\u3044\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\uff1b\u878d\u901a\u304c\u304d\u304f\u7d44\u7e54<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u534a\u5cf6\u306e\u904b\u547d\u3000\u5bfe\u3000\u5cf6\u306e\u904b\u547d<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u672a\u6765\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4fe1\u983c\uff1b\u653f\u5e9c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4fe1\u983c<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u653f\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u97d3\u56fd<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u79d1\u5b66\u3068\u6280\u8853\u306e\u5dee\u7570\uff1b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u79d1\u5b66\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6642\u4ee3<\/p>\n

\u30fb\u3042\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3044\u79d1\u5b66\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u3042\u308a\u65b9<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff12) \u5c06\u6765\u306e\u65e5\u97d3\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u306e\u9053\uff1a \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u5316\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u79d1\u5b66<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u30fbThe Open Science Imperative<\/p>\n

\u516c\u958b\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Michael Nielsen\u2019s<\/p>\n

\u300c\u767a\u898b\u306e\u518d\u767a\u660e\uff1a\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u5316\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u300d<\/p>\n

Reinventing Discovery: The New Era of Networked Science <\/em>(PrincetonUniversity, 2012)<\/p>\n

\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u5316\u3001\u98df\u6599\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u6280\u8853\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u6570\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6311\u6226\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u308c\u308f\u308c\u306b\u306f\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3092\u7d44\u3093\u3067\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u56fd\u969b\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u3092\u9032\u3081\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7279\u306b\u3001\u8ca1\u653f\u554f\u984c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u653f\u5e9c\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u4e88\u7b97\u304c\u524a\u6e1b\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6295\u8cc7\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u56fd\u5bb6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u652f\u63f4\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u3001\u77e5\u7684\u8ca1\u7523\u554f\u984c\u3001\u6607\u9032\u8cc7\u683c\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u306a\u3069\u306b\u96c6\u4e2d\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u56fd\u969b\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u306f\u76f8\u5f53\u306a\u9650\u754c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001Nielsen\u6559\u6388\u306f\u516c\u958b\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u5316\u6642\u4ee3\u3092\u5230\u6765\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3068\u305d\u306e\u6210\u529f\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n

There is a pressing need for open science, to bring together the leaders in research around the world, and other thoughtful individuals who can help, to solve the problems of our age.<\/p>\n

In an age of decreasing budgets, we are threatened by climate change, food shortages and challenges of illness and of technology that will require massive investments of funds, far more than individual governments can afford. But in spite of the need, and the potential for international collaboration, we find the concern with intellectual property, research papers for promotion and restrictions on funding the full potential for using the internet for truly open networked science is not being realized.<\/p>\n

We must share data on line and ideas, use science wikis and user-contributed comment sites, and computer programs to assure that true international collaboration is possible.<\/p>\n

Yet despite the obvious benefits in terms of responding to the challenges of climate change and disease, shortages of resources and growing populations, those who try to practice open science, sharing completely their research as they conduct it, run into a tremendous obstacle. Other scientists are willing to read what they offer, but they are not willing to make the contribution to help in the project. The essential problem is that a comprehensive shift must take place in how science is conducted essentially at the same time in order for open science to be successful. But it is possible for the entire culture to shift, for a new definition of success to be offered up that will make But the example of the first scientific revolution suggests that it is possible to collectively make a massive shift. In the 1665 the \u201cPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society\u201d was the first international scientific journal, establishing the publishing in public journals as the appropriate route to success in science.<\/p>\n

We need to find a way to align the interests of individual researchers with the common interest of the international community so as to bring about a major increase in the potential of science. Two immediate approaches are:<\/p>\n

Compelling Open Science<\/strong><\/p>\n

Funding institutions can make open science a condition for funding and thereby require the sharing of data as part of research. It is possible to set a platform for further open access and open data policies globally. This approach can only work with the consent of the scientific community.<\/p>\n

Incentivizing Open Science<\/strong><\/p>\n

There is a move away from published journal articles to \u201cpreprints\u201d which are open research postings. There is the possibility that we could set up a system for massive collaboration that would be win-win for all participants. We could make the building of data webs as important a part of the scientist\u2019s job as writing papers. If we identify the building of infrastructure for research, code and processes of research, central to the evaluation and fame of scientists that can be a major incentive for cooperation.\u00a0 There is much scientific information is more meaningful as code, or images, not scientific papers. We must reward scientists for building code and research tools.<\/p>\n

Ultimately, the money for research is paid with tax dollars. The results belong to the people. So the public is critical to the process, as Nielsen states, \u201cThere is no stronger force for achieving such a change than raising public awareness, so that everyone in our society understands the tremendous value of open science.\u201d<\/p>\n

We\u2019re at a unique moment in history: for the first time we have an open-ended ability to build powerful new tools for thought. We have an opportunity to change the way knowledge is constructed. But the scientific community, which ought to be in the vanguard, is instead bringing up the rear, with most scientists\u00a0 clinging to their existing way of working, and failing to support those who seek a better way.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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